Sleep and Health

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Sleep

Sleep is a natural state of bodily rest observed in humans and other animals. It is distinguished from quiet wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, and it is more easily reversible than hibernation or coma. It is common to all mammals and birds, and is also seen in many reptiles, amphibians, and fish. In humans, other mammals, and a substantial majority of other animals that have been studied (such as some species of fish, birds, ants, and fruit flies), regular sleep is essential for survival. The purposes of sleep are only partly clear and are the subject of intense research

Age Average amount of sleep per day

Newborn	up to 18 hours
1–12 months	14–18 hours
1–3 years	12–15 hours
3–5 years	11–13 hours
5–12 years	9–11 hours
Adolescents	9–10 hours
Adults, including elderly	7–8 (+) hours
Pregnant women	8 (+) hours

The Effects of Sleep Deprivation
Adequate sleep is crucial to proper brain function – no less so than air, water, and food – but stress can modify sleep-wakefulness cycles.
Any amount of sleep deprivation will diminish mental performance, cautions Mark M., a professor of neurology at the University of Minnesota . "One complete night of sleep deprivation is as impairing in simulated driving tests as a legally intoxicating blood-alcohol level."
people who regularly do not get enough sleep can become less sensitive to insulin. This increases their risk for diabetes and high blood pressure – both serious threats to the brain.
How Sleep Benefits Brains There is nothing like a good night’s sleep. You feel refreshed and ready for the day. But did you know that during sleep you are enhancing your learning and memory? Did you know that you would probably do better on an exam if you had a good night’s sleep versus pulling an all-nighter? Find out more about the surprising benefits of sleep and how you can make the most out of those blissful hours.

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